冰冷的城市需要更多的綠手指論文書籍站
Secondary primary的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列問答集和整理懶人包
Secondary primary的問題，我們搜遍了碩博士論文和台灣出版的書籍，推薦Alston, Philip/ Goodman, Ryan寫的 International Human Rights 和的 Cardiovascular Complications of Chronic Rheumatic Diseases, an Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America: Volume 49-1都 可以從中找到所需的評價。
另外網站Primary & Secondary Data Definitions - Public Health ...也說明：Primary & Secondary Data Definitions. Primary Data: Data that has been generated by the researcher himself/herself, surveys, interviews, ...
這兩本書分別來自 和所出版 。
國立臺北科技大學 電資學院外國學生專班(iEECS) 白敦文所指導 VAIBHAV KUMAR SUNKARIA的 An Integrated Approach For Uncovering Novel DNA Methylation Biomarkers For Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma （2022），提出Secondary primary關鍵因素是什麼，來自於Lung Cancer、LUAD、LUSC、NSCLC、DNA methylation、Comorbidity Disease、Biomarkers、SCT、FOXD3、TRIM58、TAC1。
而第二篇論文國立體育大學 競技與教練科學研究所 鄭世忠、錢桂玉所指導 杨永的 運動訓練與停止訓練對中老年人骨骼肌氧合能力與身體功能表現之影響 （2022），提出因為有 爆發力訓練、阻力訓練、心肺訓練、近紅外線光譜儀、停止訓練的重點而找出了 Secondary primary的解答。
最後網站Primary & Secondary Sources - Ithaca College Library則補充：Secondary sources describe, discuss, interpret, comment upon, analyze, evaluate, summarize, and process primary sources. Secondary source materials can be ...
International Human Rights
為了解決Secondary primary 的問題，作者Alston, Philip/ Goodman, Ryan 這樣論述：
International Human Rights offers sophisticated and though-provoking reflections on the current state of the art in relation to the international regime governing human rights. This internationally acclaimed interdisciplinary coursebook provides a diverse range of carefully edited primary and sec
ondary materials alongside extensive text, editorial commentary, and study questions. Written by two globally eminent human rights scholars, and providing an unrivalled level of analysis and breadth of materials, International Human Rights is the essential companion for students, researchers, advoca
tes, and practitioners. Online Resource Centre This book is accompanied by an Online Resource Centre containing additional edited documents and sources.
Secondary primary進入發燒排行的影片
ストレート法で作る基本の山食パン(山型食パン・イギリス食パン)の作り方です
ストレート法は最初から材料をすべて合わせる作り方で、
メリット：短時間で出来る、風味が良い
デメリット：ボリュームが出にくい、でんぷんの老化がはやい＝すぐぱさつく
という特徴があります
おすすめの強力粉は窯伸びの良い「スーパーキングやゴールデンヨット」、老化が遅く風味もいいし窯伸びもいいし作業もしやすい「ベルムーラン」がおすすめです(動画ではベルムーランを使用)
【型生地比容積について】
自分の持っている型に合わせて生地量を調整します
1.5斤と書かれてても1.2斤しかなかったり、型によって全然違うので必須です
この型と容量と生地の比率を型生地比容積といいます
型の容量÷型生地比容積＝生地量
例：1625ml(1斤弱)÷3.5＝約464g
3つに分けて入れる場合は1つあたり464÷3＝155gになります
型生地比容積の目安
角食：3.8～4
山食：3.6前後
(数字が大きいほどふわふわで、数字が小さいほどみっちり)
ベーカーズパーセントと比容積からレシピの調整も出来ますが、
計算が面倒なので粉300gとか多めに作って生地量を食パンに使い
残りの生地は丸パンなどにすると楽だし無駄になりません
型生地比容積についてより詳しくは↓
https://www.ikashiya.com/entry/katakiji-hiyouseki
【材料】
ベーカーズパーセント(合計：194)
・強力粉 100
・砂糖 8
・スキムミルク 3
・塩 2
・インスタントドライイースト 1
・水 72
・バター 8
粉300での分量(1斤目安)
・強力粉 300g
・砂糖 24g
・スキムミルク 9g
・塩 6g
・インスタントドライイースト 3g
・水 216g
・バター 24g
【準備】
・バターを常温においておく
・型に離型油を塗る
【作り方】
1. 【生地作り～1次発酵】バター以外の材料をすべて合わせてグルテン膜が出るまでこね、バターを加えてさらにこねる
2. より薄いグルテン膜が出るまでこね(こね上げ26℃目安)、丸めてボウルに入れてラップをし30℃で60分発酵させて、打ち粉をして台に取り出す
3. 上から押さえてガスを抜いて広げ、上下左右から3つ折り×2で折りたたみボウルに入れてラップをし、30℃で30分発酵させる
4. 【分割～ベンチタイム】生地量の1/3ずつに分割してガスを抜き、きれいな面が外側にし表面を張らせるように丸める
5. かたく絞った濡れ布巾をかけて25分ベンチタイム(生地をゆるめて成形しやすくする/残った生地は同様にして丸パンなどに活用)
6. 【成形～2次発酵】めん棒で長方形にのばしつつガスを抜き(周りの気泡は手で潰す)、上下から1/3折りたたんで生地をくっつける
7. 奥から手前に少し張らせるように巻いてとじる(最初芯を作り、トップを持って下にくっつけるイメージで3回転～3回転半)
8. 離型油を塗った型に端→真ん中の順で入れ、蓋をして35℃で50分を目安に2次発酵(オーブンで発酵させる場合は予熱時間を考慮しはやめに取り出す)
9. 【焼成/180℃に予熱】生地が型のギリギリまで膨らんだら発酵完了、180℃に予熱したオーブンで焼成する
10. 180℃で30分を目安に焼き、焼き上がったら台に2～3回落として蒸気を抜き(腰折れを防ぐため)、すぐに取り出し冷ます
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
【動画でよく使ってる調理器具】
フライパン(20cm)：https://amzn.to/2QyY1ny
フライパン(24cm)：https://amzn.to/2UtNvz5
フライパン(24cm深型)：https://amzn.to/3dj5DEp
鉄フライパン(22cm)：https://amzn.to/3a8hqmR
アルミフライパン(24cm)：https://amzn.to/3dj6tRz
片手浅型鍋(18cm)：https://amzn.to/2QzGXha
片手浅型鍋(21cm)：https://amzn.to/2U7ta3o
片手鍋(16cm)：https://amzn.to/2QzCj2x
片手鍋(20cm)：https://amzn.to/3bd0lZa
ソースパン：https://amzn.to/2U9keuI
まな板：https://amzn.to/2J1fQHI
ガスコンロ：https://amzn.to/3bdtvYa
牛刀：https://www.jikko.jp/fs/jikko/54803
ペティ：https://www.jikko.jp/fs/jikko/54800
撮影機材
カメラボディ：https://amzn.to/2xSXZAd
動画レンズ：https://amzn.to/3t7sfPB
写真レンズ：https://amzn.to/2U7HcCb
録音：https://amzn.to/2U9cGYT
※製品のURLはAmazonアソシエイトのリンクを使用しています
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
▼サブチャンネル(料理実験チャンネル)
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqIW0OHh8k2np5ZNz3wz8sg
▼ブログ
http://www.ikashiya.com/
▼Twitter
https://twitter.com/sakihirocl
▼Instagram
https://www.instagram.com/sakiyamahiroshi/
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↓using translation software.
[Ingredients]
Bakers percent (total: 194)
・Bread flour 100
・Sugar 8
・Skim Milk 3
・Salt 2
・Instant dry yeast 1
・Water 72
・Butter 8
The amount of the flour 300.
・Bread flour 300 g
・Sugar 24 g
・Skim milk 9g
・Salt 6g
・Instant dry yeast 3g
・Water 216 g
・Butter 24 g
[Preparation]
・Leave the butter at room temperature.
・Spread mold release oil on the mold.
[How to make]
1. [Making the dough ~ primary fermentation] Mix all the ingredients except butter and knead it until the gluten film comes out. Add butter and knead it more.
2. Knead it (knead it up to around 26 °C) until a thinner gluten film comes out. Round it and put it in a bowl. Cover it with a plastic wrap and let it ferment for 60 minutes at 30 °C. Dust it with flour and take it out on a counter top.
3. Press down from the top to release the gas and spread it out. Fold it 3 times from top, bottom, left and right. Put it in a bowl and wrap it then ferment it for 30 minutes at 30 °C.
4. [Divide ~ bench time] Divide it to 1/3 of the amount of the dough then release the gas. Round it so the clean side is on the outside and the surface will stretch.
5. Cover it with a tightly squeezed damp dishcloth and bench it for 25 minutes (loosen the dough to make it easier to shape it/use the rest of the dough in the same way for round bread, etc.).
6. [Shaping ~ Secondary fermentation] Stretch it to a rectangle with a rolling pin and release the gas (crush the air bubbles around it with your hand). Fold it from the top and bottom to 1/3 and stick the dough together.
7. Roll it up and close it so that it is slightly stretched from the back to the front (Make the core first and hold the top and stick it on the bottom. Turn it around 3-3.5 times.).
8. Put it in the mold spread with mold release oil in the order of the edge to the center. Cover the lid and let it undergo secondary fermentation at 35 °C for around 50 minutes (take it out without considering the preheating time if you are fermenting it in the oven).
9. [Bake/Preheat to 180 °C] When the dough rises to the edge of the mold, the fermentation is complete. Bake it in the oven preheated to 180 °C.
10.Bake it at 180 °C for around 30 minutes. When it finishes baking, drop it on a counter 2 ~ 3 times to remove the steam (to prevent it from breaking around the waist). Take it out immediately and let it cool.
An Integrated Approach For Uncovering Novel DNA Methylation Biomarkers For Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma
為了解決Secondary primary 的問題，作者VAIBHAV KUMAR SUNKARIA 這樣論述：
Introduction - Lung cancer is one of primal and ubiquitous cause of cancer related fatalities in the world. Leading cause of these fatalities is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proportion of 85%. The major subtypes of NSCLC are Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung Small Cell Carcinoma (LUS
C). Early-stage surgical detection and removal of tumor offers a favorable prognosis and better survival rates. However, a major portion of 75% subjects have stage III/IV at the time of diagnosis and despite advanced major developments in oncology survival rates remain poor. Carcinogens produce wide
spread DNA methylation changes within cells. These changes are characterized by globally hyper or hypo methylated regions around CpG islands, many of these changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are highly prevalent across a tumor type.Structure - This research work took advantage of publicly avai
lable methylation profiling resources and relevant comorbidities for lung cancer patients extracted from meta-analysis of scientific review and journal available at PubMed and CNKI search which were combined systematically to explore effective DNA methylation markers for NSCLC. We also tried to iden
tify common CpG loci between Caucasian, Black and Asian racial groups for identifying ubiquitous candidate genes thoroughly. Statistical analysis and GO ontology were also conducted to explore associated novel biomarkers. These novel findings could facilitate design of accurate diagnostic panel for
practical clinical relevance.Methodology - DNA methylation profiles were extracted from TCGA for 418 LUAD and 370 LUSC tissue samples from patients compared with 32 and 42 non-malignant ones respectively. Standard pipeline was conducted to discover significant differentially methylated sites as prim
ary biomarkers. Secondary biomarkers were extracted by incorporating genes associated with comorbidities from meta-analysis of research articles. Concordant candidates were utilized for NSCLC relevant biomarker candidates. Gene ontology annotations were used to calculate gene-pair distance matrix fo
r all candidate biomarkers. Clustering algorithms were utilized to categorize candidate genes into different functional groups using the gene distance matrix. There were 35 CpG loci identified by comparing TCGA training cohort with GEO testing cohort from these functional groups, and 4 gene-based pa
nel was devised after finding highly discriminatory diagnostic panel through combinatorial validation of each functional cluster.Results – To evaluate the gene panel for NSCLC, the methylation levels of SCT(Secritin), FOXD3(Forkhead Box D3), TRIM58(Tripartite Motif Containing 58) and TAC1(Tachikinin
1) were tested. Individually each gene showed significant methylation difference between LUAD and LUSC training cohort. Combined 4-gene panel AUC, sensitivity/specificity were evaluated with 0.9596, 90.43%/100% in LUAD; 0.949, 86.95%/98.21% in LUSC TCGA training cohort; 0.94, 85.92%/97.37 in GEO 66
836; 0.91,89.17%/100% in GEO 83842 smokers; 0.948, 91.67%/100% in GEO83842 non-smokers independent testing cohort. Our study validates SCT, FOXD3, TRIM58 and TAC1 based gene panel has great potential in early recognition of NSCLC undetermined lung nodules. The findings can yield universally accurate
and robust markers facilitating early diagnosis and rapid severity examination.
Cardiovascular Complications of Chronic Rheumatic Diseases, an Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America: Volume 49-1
為了解決Secondary primary 的問題，作者 這樣論述：
In this issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics, guest editors Drs. M. Elaine Husni and George A. Karpouzas bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Cardiovascular Complications of Chronic Rheumatic Diseases. Top experts in the field cover key topics such as primary and secondary atheroscler
otic cardiovascular (ASCVD) risk prevention in the rheumatic disease, pro-thrombotic and pro-atherogenic anti-phospholipid antibodies, recommendations for the use of NSAIDs and CVD risk, and more.Contains 9 relevant, practice-oriented topics including atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk stratificati
on in the rheumatic diseases; subclinical atherosclerosis evaluation across various vascular territories; lessons from heart and large vessel biopsies in patients with and without autoimmune rheumatic disease; the role of lipoprotein levels and function in atherosclerosis associated with autoimmune
rheumatic diseases; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on cardiovascular complications of chronic rheumatic diseases, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field.
Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
運動訓練與停止訓練對中老年人骨骼肌氧合能力與身體功能表現之影響
為了解決Secondary primary 的問題，作者杨永 這樣論述：
運動是一種改善中老年人骨骼肌氧合能力、提高肌肉力量並最終影響整體身體功能表現的有效方式。然而，較少的研究評估不同運動類型之間訓練效益的差異。此外，由於中老年人生病、外出旅行與照顧兒童等原因，迫使運動鍛煉的中斷。如何合理安排運動訓練的週期、強度與停訓週期，以促使中老年人在未來再訓練快速恢復以往訓練效益，目前亦尚不清楚。本文以三個研究建構而成。研究I：不同運動訓練模式對中老年人的骨骼肌氧合能力、肌力與身體功能表現的影響。以此探討50歲及以上中老年人進行每週2次為期8週的爆發力、阻力訓練以及心肺訓練在改善中老年人肌肉組織氧合能力、與肌肉力量身體功能效益的差異。我們的研究結果表明：爆發力組在改善下肢
肌力、最大爆發力與肌肉品質方面表現出較佳的效果。心肺組提高了30s坐站測試成績並減少了肌肉耗氧量，從而改善了中老年人在30s坐站測試期間的運動經濟性。年紀較高的肌力組則對於改善平衡能力更加有效。此外，三組運動形式均有效改善了中老年人人敏捷性。研究 Ⅱ：停止訓練對運動訓練後中老年人肌力與身體功能表現的影響：系統性回顧與meta分析。本研究欲探討停止訓練對運動訓練後中老年人肌力與身體功能表現訓練效益維持的影響。我們的研究結果表明：訓練期大於停止運動訓練期是肌力維持的重要因素。若訓練期